The First Nations principles of OCAP – Ownership, Control, Access, and Possession of First Nations data by First Nations – will be twenty-five years old in 2023. This presentation will discuss OCAP and First Nations data sovereignty in their true context of collective rights. It will also describe the data and information infrastructures First Nations are building to support self-determination and self-governance, including the First Nations Data Centre, the First Nations Data Governance Strategy, and education and training programs, and reflect on what is required for First Nations and mainstream data and information systems to work together.